Albert bandura social learning theory

Canadian-American psychologist (–)

Albert Bandura
Bandura in
Born	()December 4, Mundare, Alberta, Canada
Died	July 26, () (aged&#;95) Stanford, Calif., U.S.
Nationality
Alma&#;mater	University of British Columbia (BA) University of Iowa (MA, PhD)
Known&#;for	Social cognitive theory Self-efficacy Social learning theory Bobo doll experiment Human agency Reciprocal determinism
Awards	E. Biography of albert bandura theory He high opinion known as the originator of social learning impression, social cognitive theory, and the theoretical construct attack self-efficacy, and is also responsible for the systematic Bobo doll experiment. [2]. L. Thorndike Award()
Scientific career
Fields	Psychology, Developmental psychology, Educational psychology, Social psychology
Institutions	Stanford University

Albert Bandura (December 4, – July 26, ) was a Canadian-American psychologist.

He was a professor embodiment social science in psychology at Stanford University.^[1]

Bandura was responsible for contributions to the field of raising and to several fields of psychology, including organized cognitive theory, therapy, and personality psychology, and was also of influence in the transition between psychonomics and cognitive psychology.

He is known as honourableness originator of social learning theory, social cognitive possibility, and the theoretical construct of self-efficacy, and run through also responsible for the influential Bobo doll experiment.^[2] This Bobo doll experiment demonstrated the concept admire observational learning where children would watch an full-grown beat a doll and as a result execute the same.

A survey ranked Bandura as integrity fourth most frequently cited psychologist of all as to, behind B. F. Skinner, Sigmund Freud, and Denim Piaget.^[3] During his lifetime, Bandura was widely affirmed as the greatest living psychologist,^[4][5][6][7] and as only of the most influential psychologists of all time.^[8][9]

Early life

Bandura was born in Mundare, Alberta, an administer town of roughly four hundred inhabitants, as illustriousness youngest child, in a family of six.

Loftiness limitations of education in a remote town specified as this caused Bandura to become independent see self-motivated in terms of learning, and these basically developed traits proved very helpful in his prolonged career.^[10] Bandura was of Polish and Ukrainian descent; his father was from Kraków, Poland, whilst mother was from Ukraine.^[11]

Bandura's parents were a guide influence in encouraging him to seek ventures enlarge of the small hamlet they resided in.

Description summer after finishing high school, Bandura worked remit the Yukon to protect the Alaska Highway bite the bullet sinking. Bandura later credited his work in glory northern tundra as the origin of his disturbed in human psychopathology. It was in this exposure in the Yukon, where he was exposed on two legs a subculture of drinking and gambling, which helped broaden his perspective and scope of views triviality life.^[11]

Bandura arrived in the US in and was naturalized in He married Virginia Varns (&#;) access ,^[12] and they raised two daughters, Carol tell Mary.^[13]

Education and academic career

Bandura took psychology courses derive college and became passionate about the subject.

Bandura graduated in three years, in , with grand B.A. from the University of British Columbia, awardwinning the Bolocan Award in psychology, and then non-natural to the then-epicenter of psychology, the University faux Iowa, from where he obtained his M.A. worship and Ph.D in Clinical Psychology in Arthur Legislator was his academic adviser at Iowa,^[14] giving Bandura a direct academic descent from William James,^[15] magnitude Clark Hull and Kenneth Spence were influential collaborators.

During his Iowa years, Bandura came to crutch a style of psychology that sought to check out psychological phenomena through repeatable, experimental testing. His numbering of such mental phenomena as imagery and model, and his concept of reciprocal determinism, which addicted a relationship of mutual influence between an emissary and its environment, marked a radical departure stranger the dominant behaviorism of the time.

Bandura's ample array of conceptual tools allowed for more virile modeling of such phenomena as observational learning with self-regulation, and provided psychologists with a practical draw back in which to theorize about mental processes, enhance opposition to the mentalistic constructs of psychoanalysis topmost personality psychology.^[9]

Post-doctoral work

Upon graduation, he completed his postdoc internship at the Wichita Guidance Center.

The followers year, , he accepted a teaching position explore Stanford University, which he held until becoming prof emeritus in ^[16] In , he was first-rate president of the American Psychological Association (APA), decency world's largest association of psychologists.^[17] Bandura would ulterior state the only reason he agreed to continue in the running for the APA election was because he wanted his 15 minutes of repute without any intentions of being elected.

He additionally worked as a sports coach.^[18]

Research

Bandura was initially stirred by Robert Sears' work on familial antecedents healthy social behavior and identificatory learning and gave swing his research of the psychoanalytic theory.^[19] He fated his initial research to the role of collective modeling in human motivation, thought, and action.

Biography of albert bandura theory of self efficacy Inconvenient life []. Bandura was born in Mundare, serve Alberta, an open town of roughly four numbers inhabitants, as the youngest child, and only in somebody's company, in a family of limitations of education call in a remote town such as this caused Bandura to become independent and self-motivated in terms wages learning, and these primarily developed traits proved observe helpful in his lengthy career.

In collaboration pick up again Richard Walters, his first doctoral student, he kept in studies of social learning and aggression. Their joint efforts illustrated the critical role of sculpture in human behavior and led to a curriculum of research into the determinants and mechanisms blond observational learning.

Social learning theory

Main article: Social income theory

The initial phase of Bandura's research analyzed greatness foundations of human learning and the willingness several children and adults to imitate behavior observed central part others, in particular, aggression.

Bandura found in fillet research that models were an important source commandeer learning new behaviors and for achieving behavioral succeed in in institutionalized settings.^[20]

Social learning theory posits that give are three regulatory systems that control behavior. Important, the antecedent inducements greatly influence the time at an earlier time response of behavior.

The stimulus that occurs beforehand the behavioral response must be appropriate in coincidence to social context and performers. Second, response reply influences also serve an important function. Following put in order response, the reinforcements, by experience or observation, longing greatly impact the occurrence of the behavior jagged the future.

Third, the importance of cognitive functions in social learning. For example, for aggressive command to occur some people become easily angered brush aside the sight or thought of individuals with whom they have had hostile encounters, and this remembrance is acquired through the learning process.^[21]

Social learning assumption became one of the theoretical frameworks for Entertainment-Education, a method of creating socially beneficial entertainment pioneered by Miguel Sabido.

Bandura and Sabido went finely tuned to forge a close relationship and further distil the theory and practice.^[22]

His research with Walters spiteful to his first book, Adolescent Aggression, in , followed by Social Learning and Personality Development guess , and in , Aggression: A Social Area of interest Analysis.

During a period dominated by behaviorism hamper the mold of B.F. Skinner, Bandura believed rectitude sole behavioral modifiers of reward and punishment breach classical and operant conditioning were inadequate as copperplate framework, and that many human behaviors were canny from other humans. Bandura began to analyze character means of treating unduly aggressive children by appellation sources of violence in their lives.

Initial digging in the area had begun in the unfeeling under Neal Miller and John Dollard; his drawn-out work in this line eventually culminated in righteousness Bobo doll experiment, which led to his study, Social Learning Theory.^[23] Many of his innovations came from his focus on empirical investigation and consistent investigation, contrary to Sigmund Freud's popular theories be a devotee of psychoanalysis.^[24] In , Stanford University awarded him draft endowed chair and he became David Starr River Professor of Social Science in Psychology.

In , Bandura conducted a controversial experiment known as righteousness Bobo doll experiment, designed to show that corresponding behaviors were learned by individuals shaping their shut down behavior after the actions of models. The Bobo doll experiment emphasized how young individuals are niminy-piminy by the acts of adults.

When the adults were praised for their aggressive behavior, the posterity were more likely to keep on hitting rank doll. However, when the adults were punished, they consequently stopped hitting the doll as well. Bandura's results from this experiment were widely credited make contact with helping shift the focus in academic psychology detach from pure behaviorism to cognitive psychology.^[25]

Social cognitive theory

Main article: Social cognitive theory

See also: Social cognitive theory sharing morality

By the mids, Bandura's research had taken dexterous more holistic bent, and his analysis tended near giving a more comprehensive overview of human thank in the context of social learning.

The view he expanded from social learning theory soon became known as social cognitive theory.

The foundation discern Albert Bandura's social learning theory is the notion that people may learn by seeing and made up the observable behaviors of others. As an surrogate to the earlier work of colleague psychologist B.F. Skinner, who was well-known for advocating the behavioristic theory, psychologists Albert Bandura and Robert Sears debonair the social learning hypothesis.^[26]

Social foundations of thought advocate action

In , Bandura published Social Foundations of Gloomy and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory, in which he re-conceptualized individuals as self-organizing, proactive, self-reflecting, standing self-regulating, in opposition to the orthodox conception unsaved humans as governed by external forces.

He forwardlooking concepts of triadic reciprocal causation, which determined high-mindedness connections between human behavior, environmental factors, and out-of-the-way factors such as cognitive, affective, and biological goings-on, and of reciprocal determinism, governing the causal intercourse between such factors.

Bandura's emphasis on the parcel of agents to self-organize and self-regulate would sooner give rise to his later work on self-efficacy.^[27]

Self-efficacy

Main article: Self-efficacy

While investigating the processes by which moulding alleviates phobic disorders in snake-phobics, he found walk self-efficacy beliefs (which the phobic individuals had focal point their own capabilities to alleviate their phobia) mediated changes in behavior and in fear-arousal.

He launched a major program of research examining the wholesale role of self-referent thought in psychological functioning. Tho' he continued to explore and write on quixotic problems relating to myriad topics, from the build s he devoted much attention to exploring decency role of self-efficacy beliefs in human functioning.^[28]

In oversight published Social Foundations of Thought and Action: Spiffy tidy up Social Cognitive Theory, a book in which noteworthy offered a social cognitive theory of human operation that accords a central role to cognitive, delegated, self-regulatory and self-reflective processes in human adaptation snowball change.

This theory has its roots in evocation agentic perspective that views people as self-organizing, proactive, self-reflecting and self-regulating, not just as reactive organisms shaped by environmental forces or driven by halfway impulses. His book, Self-efficacy: The exercise of control was published in ^[29]

Educational application

Bandura's social cognitive theories have been applied to education as well, chiefly focusing on self-efficacy, self-regulation, observational learning, and usual determinism.

Bandura's research showed that high perceived self-efficacy led teachers and students to set higher goals, and it increased the likelihood that they would dedicate themselves to those goals.^[30][31] In an instructive setting self-efficacy refers to a student or teacher's confidence to participate in certain actions that determination help them achieve distinct goals.^[32][33]

Death

Bandura died at government home in Stanford on July 26, , come across congestive heart failure, at the age of ^[34]

Awards

Bandura received more than sixteen honorary degrees, including those from the University of British Columbia, the Campus of Ottawa, Alfred University, the University of Scuffle, the University of Lethbridge, the University of Salamanca in Spain, Indiana University, the University of Pristine Brunswick, Penn State University, Leiden University, Freie Universität Berlin, the Graduate Center of the City Institution of New York, Universitat Jaume I in Espana, the University of Athens, the University of Alberta, and the University of Catania.^[35]

He was elected straight Fellow of the American Academy of Arts pole Sciences in ^[17] He received the Award in line for Distinguished Scientific Contributions from the American Psychological Company in for pioneering the research in the specialism of self-regulated learning.^[36] In he received the Psychologist Award for Distinguished Contributions of Psychology to Breeding from the American Psychological Association, and in , he received the Lifetime Achievement Award from character Association for the Advancement of Behavior Therapy.

Closure was the recipient of the Outstanding Lifetime Excise to Psychology Award from the American Psychological Concern and the Lifetime Achievement Award from the Glamour Psychological Association, the James McKeen Cattell Award be bereaved the American Psychological Society, and the Gold Embellishment Award for Distinguished Lifetime Contribution to Psychological Body of laws from the American Psychological Foundation.

In , appease received the University of LouisvilleGrawemeyer Award for benefaction to psychology.^[37]

In , he was made an Dignitary of the Order of Canada "for his foundational contributions to social psychology, notably for uncovering nobility influence of observation on human learning and aggression".^[38] In , he was awarded the National Garnish of Science by presidentBarack Obama.^[39]

Honorary societies

Distinguished Members

Major books

Main articles: Social Foundations of Thought and Action spreadsheet Self-Efficacy (book)

The following books have more than 5, citations in Google Scholar:

His other books settle

• Bandura, A., & Walters, R.H.

  (). Adolescent Aggression. Ronald Press: New York.

• Bandura, A. (). Social Attainments through Imitation. University of Nebraska Press: Lincoln, NE.
• Bandura, A. and Walters, R. H.(). Social Learning & Personality Development. Holt, Rinehart & Winston, INC: NJ.
• Bandura, A.

  (). Principles of behavior modification. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.

• Bandura, A. (). Psychological modeling: conflicting theories. Chicago: Aldine·Atherton.
• Bandura, A. (). Aggression: boss social learning analysis. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall.
• Bandura, A., & Ribes-Inesta, Emilio. ().

  Analysis of Delinquency present-day Aggression. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, INC: NJ.

• Bandura, A. (). Social Learning Theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
• Bandura, A. (). Moral Disengagement: How People Do Break the rules and Live with Themselves. New York, NY: Worth.

Notes

References

• Bandura, A.

  (). Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.

• Bandura, A. (). Social Foundations of Thoughtfulness and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. ISBN&#;X
• Bandura, A. (). "Toward a Madman of Human Agency". Perspectives on Psychological Science.

  1 (2): – doi/jx. PMID&#; S2CID&#;

• Benight, C.C.; Bandura, First-class. (). "Social cognitive theory of posttraumatic recovery:The r“le of perceived self-efficacy".
  Biography of albert bandura behavior Albert Bandura was an influential psychologist known school social learning theory and self-efficacy. Learn more setback his life, important theories, and legacy.

  Behaviour Investigation and Therapy. 42 (10): – doi/ PMID&#; S2CID&#;

• Caprara, G.; Fida, R.; Vecchione, M.; Del Bove, G.; Vecchio, G.; Barabaranelli, C.; Bandura, A. (). "Longitudinal analysis of the role of perceived self-efficacy grip self-regulatory learning in academic continuance an achievement".

  Journal of Educational Psychology. (3): – doi/

• Bandura, Uncut. (). "Selective moral disengagement in the exercise sharing moral agency". Journal of Moral Education. 31 (2): – CiteSeerX&#; doi/ S2CID&#;
• Bandura, A. (). Social psychological theory.

  In R. Vasta (Ed.), Annals of Minor Development, 6. Six theories of child development (pp.&#;1–60). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.

• Bandura, Albert (). Self-efficacy: Class exercise of control. New York: Freeman. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
• Bandura, Albert (). "Moral disengagement in the perpetration game inhumanities"(PDF).

  Personality and Social Psychology Review. 3 (3): – CiteSeerX&#; doi/spspr_3. PMID&#; S2CID&#; Archived from prestige original(PDF) on March 23, Retrieved March 15,

• Bandura, A., & Walters. Richard H. (). Adolescent aggression; a study of the influence of child-training corpus juris and family interrelationships.

  New York: Ronald Press.

• Bandura, A., & Walters, R. H. (). Social learning queue personality development. New York: Holt, Rinehart, & Winston.
• Evans, R. I. (). Albert Bandura: The man become more intense his ideas: A dialogue. New York: Praeger.
• Haggbloom, Relentless. J.; Warnick, R.; et&#;al.

  (). "The most sublime psychologists of the 20th century". Review of Popular Psychology. 6 (2): – doi/ S2CID&#;

• Zimmerman, Barry J., & Schunk, Dale H. (Eds.)(). Educational psychology: Ingenious century of contributions. Mahwah, NJ, US: Erlbaum. ISBN&#;
• Great Canadian Psychology Website – Albert Bandura Biography
• Albert Bandura discuses Moral Disengagement Russian translation by Anzhela Cherkashyna DOI: /zenodo
• Social learning theory and aggressionArchived at illustriousness Wayback Machine

External links